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As an introduction, the Advance Pricing Agreement (APA) is one of the instruments used in transfer pricing in the world of international taxation. The main objective of the APA instrument is to create transfer price certainty for parties involved in cross-border transactions between related companies. Thus, this can help companies reduce the risk of price adjustments and increase legal certainty…
As an introduction, the Advance Pricing Agreement (APA) is one of the instruments used in transfer pricing in the world of international taxation. The main objective of the APA instrument is to create transfer price certainty for parties involved in cross-border transactions between related companies. Thus, this can help companies…
The introduction of pledged assets and trading is an important topic in the world of finance and investment. Pledged assets, or assets that are guaranteed, are assets that are used as collateral in a financial transaction. In this context, the owner of the asset allows another party to use the…
Definition and Concept of Golden Visa Programs Golden Visa Programs are special immigration programs offered by several countries with the aim of attracting foreign investors. Through this program, individuals can obtain a residence permit or citizenship in the country by investing in property or other financial tools. The term "Golden…
Definition of Real Conjuncture Theory Real Conjuncture Theory refers to an approach in macroeconomics, which studies short-term fluctuations in the economy. This theory tries to explain how changes in external factors such as demand, technology, and fiscal policy can cause fluctuations in output and employment. Real Conjuncture Theory was born…
Definition of Cost and Freight (CFR) Cost and Freight (CFR) is a term used in international trade to state the price and delivery for which the seller is responsible. This term is defined as the cost of the product or goods and the shipping costs charged to the seller in…
Definition of Real Cost of Capital Real Cost of Capital is a concept used in the world of finance to measure the costs required by a company to obtain the funds needed in various forms of capital. This concept is important in helping companies estimate the expected return on investment…
In economics, the formal concept of equilibrium plays an important role in understanding how economic…
Definition of "Zero-Sum Game" Zero-sum games are a concept in game theory and economics that…
Definition of Depreciation Adequacy Depreciation adequacy is an important concept in the financial sector related…
Understanding Quote Currency Understanding quote currency is an important concept in the world of trading,…
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